Measuring Rates of Reaction (PAG C8) Flashcards

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In chemistry, what does the rate of reaction tell you?

It tells you how fast reactants are changed into products.

How do you calculate the average rate of a reaction that makes a gas?

Divide the volume of gas made (in cm³) by the time taken (in seconds).

How can you measure the rate of a reaction that gives off a gas using a gas syringe?

Attach a gas syringe to the flask, start the stopwatch when you mix the chemicals, and record the gas volume at regular time intervals.

How can you measure the rate of a reaction by change in mass?

Put the flask on a balance, start the reaction, and record how the mass decreases over time as gas escapes.

What is the “disappearing cross” method for measuring rate of reaction?

You place a flask over a drawn cross, add the reactants, and time how long it takes until the cloudy mixture hides the cross.

In a rate experiment where you change acid concentration, what is the independent variable?

The independent variable is the concentration of the acid, because you choose and change it.

In the same experiment, what is the dependent variable?

The dependent variable is the time taken, or the amount of gas made, because it changes as the reaction happens.

Why is it important to control variables like temperature and acid volume in a rate of reaction experiment?

So that any change in the rate is only due to the variable you are testing, and your results are fair and valid.

On a graph of volume of gas against time, how can you tell which reaction is faster?

The faster reaction has the steeper line, because the volume of gas increases more quickly.

Give one safety precaution you should take when measuring rates of reaction with acids.

Wear safety goggles to protect your eyes from splashes of acid.

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