Solubility and Solubility Curves Flashcards

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What do the words solute, solvent and solution mean?

The solute is the substance that dissolves. The solvent is the liquid that does the dissolving. The solution is the mixture that forms.

What does it mean if a substance is soluble in water?

A substance is soluble in water if it can dissolve in water to form a clear solution.

What does it mean if a substance is insoluble in water?

A substance is insoluble in water if it does not dissolve in water and stays as a solid.

What is a saturated solution?

A saturated solution is one that contains as much dissolved solute as possible at a given temperature, so no more will dissolve.

What is meant by the solubility of a solid in water?

Solubility is the maximum mass of a solid that will dissolve in 100 g of water at a particular temperature.

How does increasing temperature usually affect the solubility of a solid in water?

For most solid solutes, solubility increases as temperature increases, so more solid can dissolve in hot water.

What is shown on a solubility curve?

A solubility curve shows how the solubility of a substance (in g per 100 g of water) changes with temperature.

On a solubility curve, what is on the horizontal (x) axis and what is on the vertical (y) axis?

Temperature is on the horizontal (x) axis. Solubility, usually in g of solute per 100 g of water, is on the vertical (y) axis.

How do you use a solubility curve to find the solubility at a certain temperature?

Start at the temperature on the x-axis, go up to the curve, then go across to the y-axis to read the solubility.

How can you tell from a solubility curve if a solution is unsaturated, saturated or has extra solid?

A point below the curve is unsaturated, on the curve is saturated, and above the curve means there is extra undissolved solid.

Why do crystals form when a hot saturated solution is cooled?

When it cools, the solubility decreases, so some solute can no longer stay dissolved and forms solid crystals.

How can you use a solubility curve to work out the mass of crystals formed when a solution cools?

Find the solubility at the higher temperature and at the lower temperature, then subtract the smaller value from the larger value to get the mass of crystals.