Simple Distillation Flashcards

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What is simple distillation?

It is a method to separate a pure liquid (solvent) from a solution by boiling it and then condensing the vapour.

What type of mixture is simple distillation used to separate?

It is used to separate a solvent and a soluble solid, such as water and dissolved salt.

During simple distillation, what happens in the heated flask?

The solvent boils and turns into a vapour, leaving the dissolved solid behind in the flask.

What is the role of the condenser in simple distillation?

The condenser cools the hot solvent vapour so it condenses back into a liquid.

Why is cold water run through the outer jacket of the condenser?

The cold water keeps the condenser cool so the vapour can turn back into a liquid easily.

Where is the pure solvent collected in a simple distillation setup?

The pure solvent is collected in a clean container at the end of the condenser.

In distilling salty water, what happens to the salt?

The salt does not evaporate, so it stays in the original flask as the water is distilled off.

Why is a thermometer used in simple distillation?

It measures the vapour temperature so you can check it matches the boiling point of the solvent being collected.

Why does simple distillation separate the solvent from the solute?

Because the solvent has a lower boiling point, it boils and evaporates, while the solute does not.

Give one limitation of simple distillation.

It is not good for separating two liquids that have similar boiling points.

Revision Notes
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