Coloured Compounds Flashcards

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Note: We may include questions that have multiple correct answers. It's useful to remember specific examples to understand these concepts better.

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What is special about many transition metal compounds compared with group 1 and group 2 compounds?

Many transition metal compounds are coloured, while most group 1 and group 2 compounds are white or colourless.

What colour is a solution of copper(II) sulfate, which contains Cu2+ ions?

A solution of copper(II) sulfate is blue because the Cu2+ ions are coloured.

What colour is a solution that contains iron(II) ions, Fe2+?

A solution with iron(II) ions is pale green.

What colour is a solution that contains iron(III) ions, Fe3+?

A solution with iron(III) ions is yellow-brown or orange-brown.

In these reactions, what is meant by a precipitate?

A precipitate is an insoluble solid that forms when two solutions are mixed.

What happens when sodium hydroxide solution is added to a solution of copper(II) ions?

A blue precipitate of copper(II) hydroxide forms.

What colour precipitate forms when sodium hydroxide solution is added to a solution with iron(II) ions?

A green precipitate of iron(II) hydroxide forms.

What colour precipitate forms when sodium hydroxide solution is added to a solution with iron(III) ions?

A brown precipitate of iron(III) hydroxide forms.

How can you use sodium hydroxide to tell iron(II) and iron(III) compounds apart?

Add sodium hydroxide: iron(II) gives a green precipitate, but iron(III) gives a brown precipitate.

Why are coloured compounds of transition metals useful in chemical tests?

Their clear colours make it easier to identify which metal ion is present in a solution.