Strong and Weak Acids Flashcards

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What ion do all acids release in water?

All acids release hydrogen ions, written as H+(aq), when they dissolve in water.

What is a strong acid?

A strong acid is one that is fully ionised in water. Almost all its particles split into H+ ions and negative ions.

What is a weak acid?

A weak acid is one that is only partly ionised in water. Many of its particles stay as acid molecules, and only some form H+ ions.

Name two strong acids you might use in the lab.

Hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid are strong acids used in the lab.

Name two common weak acids.

Ethanoic acid in vinegar and citric acid in citrus fruits are weak acids.

At the same concentration, how does the pH of a strong acid compare with a weak acid?

At the same concentration, a strong acid has a lower pH than a weak acid. This is because it has more H+ ions in solution.

Why does a strong acid of a given concentration react faster than a weak acid with a metal?

The strong acid reacts faster because it has more H+ ions in the solution. This gives more frequent collisions with the metal surface.

What does the concentration of an acid solution tell you?

It tells you how much acid is dissolved in a set volume of solution, such as 1 dm³.

What is the difference between a strong acid and a concentrated acid?

Strong describes how much the acid ionises in water. Concentrated describes how much acid is dissolved in a given volume of solution.

When you dilute an acid with water, what happens to its pH and its strength?

Its pH goes up because there are fewer H+ ions per cm³. Its strength (strong or weak) does not change.

Revision Notes
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