Covalent Bonding and Simple Molecules Flashcards

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What is a covalent bond?

A covalent bond is a link where two non-metal atoms share a pair of electrons.

Which types of elements usually form covalent bonds?

Non-metal elements form covalent bonds with other non-metal atoms.

Why do atoms share electrons in covalent bonds?

They share electrons to get full outer shells, which makes the atoms more stable.

What is meant by a simple molecular substance?

It is a substance made of small molecules, each with only a few atoms joined by covalent bonds.

Give two examples of simple molecules that have covalent bonds.

Water (H2O) and oxygen gas (O2) are simple molecules with covalent bonds.

How strong are the covalent bonds between atoms in a simple molecule?

The covalent bonds between the atoms in a molecule are strong and hard to break.

Why do simple molecular substances usually have low melting and boiling points?

They have low melting and boiling points because the forces between their molecules, called intermolecular forces, are weak.

Do simple molecular substances conduct electricity? Explain why.

No. Their molecules have no overall charge and they have no free electrons or ions to carry a current.

What happens to the melting and boiling points of simple molecular substances as the molecules get larger?

They increase, because larger molecules have stronger forces between their molecules.

In a molecule of hydrogen, H2, how many covalent bonds are there between the two hydrogen atoms?

There is one covalent bond, which is one shared pair of electrons.

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