Addition Reactions of Alkenes Flashcards

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What is an addition reaction of an alkene?

It is a reaction where new atoms add on to an alkene. They add across the C=C double bond to make one larger, saturated molecule.

What happens to the C=C double bond of an alkene during an addition reaction?

The double bond breaks and becomes a single bond. Each carbon then bonds to a new atom, such as hydrogen or a halogen.

Why are alkenes more reactive than alkanes in addition reactions?

Alkenes have a C=C double bond, which is easier to break than a C–C single bond. This makes it easier for other atoms to add on.

What type of compound is made when an alkene reacts with hydrogen?

A saturated alkane is made. This reaction is called hydrogenation.

Write the word equation for the reaction of ethene with hydrogen.

ethene + hydrogen -> ethane

What is formed when ethene reacts with steam in the presence of a catalyst?

Ethanol, an alcohol, is formed.

Write the word equation for making ethanol from ethene and steam.

ethene + steam -> ethanol

What is formed when an alkene reacts with a halogen such as bromine or chlorine?

A saturated molecule is formed. One halogen atom joins to each of the two carbon atoms from the double bond.

How does the molecular formula of an alkene change when it reacts with hydrogen in an addition reaction?

It gains two extra hydrogen atoms. For example, C2H4 becomes C2H6.

In an addition reaction of an alkene, how many products are made from the reactants?

Only one product is made, because all the atoms from the reactants join into a single molecule.

How does an addition reaction change an unsaturated alkene in terms of saturation?

The alkene changes from unsaturated to saturated. This is because the C=C double bond is removed.