Distillation Flashcards

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Note: We may include questions that have multiple correct answers. It's useful to remember specific examples to understand these concepts better.

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What is distillation?

Distillation is a way to clean a liquid. You boil it and then cool the vapour back into a liquid.

Which two changes of state happen during distillation of water?

Water first evaporates or boils to make vapour. The vapour then condenses back into liquid water.

Why can distillation be used to get pure water from salty water?

When salty water is heated, only the water boils and turns to vapour. The salts stay behind. The condensed water is pure.

What is the pure liquid collected during distillation called?

The pure liquid collected is called the distillate.

In simple distillation of salty water, what is left in the flask?

The dissolved solids, such as salts and other impurities, are left in the flask.

What piece of apparatus cools the vapour back into a liquid during distillation?

A condenser cools the hot vapour so it turns back into a liquid.

How is distillation different from filtration when cleaning water?

Filtration removes only solid pieces from water. Distillation can also remove dissolved substances, such as salts.

Why does distillation cost a lot of money on a large scale?

Distillation needs a lot of energy to heat water to its boiling point. This makes it expensive to run.

At about what temperature does pure water boil during distillation, at normal pressure?

Pure water boils at about 100 °C at normal air pressure.

What is one use of distillation in making water safe to drink?

Distillation can make pure drinking water from seawater.