Titrations and Using Results Flashcards

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What is a titration and what is it used for?

A titration is an experiment where you add one solution to another until they react exactly. It is used to find the unknown concentration of an acid or an alkali.

In an acid–alkali titration, what are the burette, pipette and conical flask used for?

The burette holds one solution and lets you add it slowly and measure the volume very accurately. The pipette measures a fixed, accurate volume of the other solution. The conical flask holds the measured solution and is used for mixing during the reaction.

Why is an indicator added in an acid–alkali titration?

An indicator is added so you can see when the reaction is complete. It changes colour at the point where the acid and alkali have just reacted exactly.

What is meant by the end point of a titration?

The end point is the exact stage in a titration when the indicator changes colour. It shows that the acid and alkali have reacted in the correct amounts.

In a titration, what is the titre?

The titre is the volume of solution added from the burette that is needed to reach the end point. It is found by subtracting the initial burette reading from the final reading.

Why do you first do a rough titration before doing careful repeats?

A rough titration gives an approximate volume for the end point. You then know where to slow down and add the solution drop by drop in the accurate titrations.

What are concordant titres and why are they important?

Concordant titres are titre values that are very close to each other, for example within about 0.10 cm³. They are important because they show that your results are repeatable and reliable.

How do you calculate the mean titre from concordant titres?

You add the concordant titres together and then divide by how many there are. You do not include any rough or very different values in this mean.

How do you work out the volume of solution added from burette readings?

You subtract the initial reading from the final reading on the burette. The difference is the volume of solution added, which is the titre.

When using titration results, what equation links moles, concentration and volume?

The key equation is: moles = concentration × volume. The concentration is in mol/dm³ and the volume must be in dm³.

What are the main steps to find an unknown concentration from titration results?

First, use the mean titre and the known concentration to work out the moles of the known solution. Next, use the balanced symbol equation to find the moles of the unknown solution. Finally, use concentration = moles ÷ volume (in dm³) to find the unknown concentration.

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